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Summer school (or summer university) is a school, or a program generally sponsored by a school or a school district, or provided by a private company, that provides lessons and activities during the summer vacation. Participation in summer schools has been shown to have substantial beneficial effects on educational progress.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Making the most of summer school: a meta-analytic and narrative review )〕 ==Summer schools in North America== In elementary and middle school, these programs are often non-academic, though some are used for remedial instruction. In high school, college or university, students can enroll in classes for credit to be taken into account in their grade point average or their transcript.〔(Summer program for high school student - summer school. ) College Board: College Planning Made Easy|Inside Source for College Admissions Requirements.〕 Generally, this credit is in one of two categories: remediation or advancement. For remediation, the summer school is used to make up credits lost through absence or failure. For advancement, the summer school is used to obtain credit for classes to accelerate progress toward a degree or to lessen the load of courses during the regular school year. Many universities offer short-term summer courses to attract both local and international students, and these programs are often surrounded by social activities. In academia, the term can also refer to a type of conference. Typically, established academics will give presentations on advanced topics in a field to postgraduate students. This type of summer school is often organized at a national or international level, and no credits are awarded. Also, a college or university sometimes offers a summer program for teachers or other professional workers wishing to round out their professional or general education. Some summer schools are for the general public involving no examinations and are not for degree purposes.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=University of Cape Town Summer School )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Summer school」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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